RK1_euler

Propagates the state vector forward one time step using the Euler (first-order) method.

Back to IVP Solver Toolbox Contents.

Contents

Syntax

y_next = RK1_euler(f,t,y,h)

Description

y_next = RK1_euler(f,t,y,h) returns the state vector at the next sample time, y_next, given the current state vector y at time t, the function f(t,y) defining the ODE $d\mathbf{y}/dt=\mathbf{f}(t,\mathbf{y})$, and the step size h.

Input/Output Parameters

Variable Symbol Description Format
Input f multivariate, vector-valued function () defining the ordinary differential equation
- inputs to f are the current time (t, 1×1 double) and the current state vector (y, p×1 double)
- output of f is the state vector derivative (dydt, p×1 double) at the current time/state
1×1
function_handle
t current sample time 1×1
double
y state vector (i.e. solution) at the current sample time p×1
double
h step size 1×1
double
Output y_next state vector (i.e. solution) at the next sample time, p×1
double

Note

Example

Consider the initial value problem

$$\frac{dy}{dt}=y,\quad y(2)=3$$

Find the solution $y(t)$ until $t=10$ using RK1_euler. Then, compare your result to the solution found by solve_ivp using the Euler method.

First, let's define our ODE ($\frac{dy}{dt}=f(t,y)$) and initial condition in MATLAB.

f = @(t,y) y;
y2 = 3;

Let's define a time vector between $t=2$ and $t=10$ with a spacing of $h=0.01$.

h = 0.01;
t = (2:h:10)';

Solving for $y(t)$ using RK1_euler and comparing the result to the result obtained using solve_ivp with the Euler method,

% preallocate vector to store solution
y = zeros(size(t));

% store initial condition
y(1) = y2;

% solving using "RK1_euler"
for i = 1:(length(t)-1)
    y(i+1) = RK1_euler(f,t(i),y(i),h);
end

% solving using "solve_ivp"
[t_ivp,y_ivp] = solve_ivp(f,[2,10],y2,h,'Euler');

% maximum absolute error between the two results
max(abs(y_ivp-y))
ans =

     1.466105459257960e-09

As expected, the two methods obtain identical results.

See also

RK2 | RK2_heun | RK2_ralston | RK3 | RK3_heun | RK3_ralston | SSPRK3 | RK4 | RK4_ralston | RK4_38